Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei) Emergence from Ground Fruits Across Varying Altitudes and Climate Cycles, and the Effect on Coffee Tree Infestation

Abstract During coffee harvest, picked berries fall to the ground where they serve as a reservoir for berry borer (CBB) which then infest on trees. This study tested effect of fallen CBB-infested infestation trees ( Coffea arabica ). Three-year-old were treated with either 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, or 20 placed root vicinity. The CBB was sampled every 30 days during 6 months four productive cycles. experiment set up at different locations comprising altitudes (1,218; 1,381; 1,470; and 1,700 m.a.s.l.) measurements taken 4 years climatic events El Niño, La Niña, Neutral, transitions Niño/La Niña present. results show that left are 140 ± 8.2 developing healthy berries. In climate Neutral year, one infested average 590.2 142.2 in grown 1,218 m.a.s.l. At same altitude, resulted 151.5 29.1 tree year 959.0 89.6 Niño year. positively correlated temperature negatively altitude R 2 = 0.99 −0.96, respectively). highlights importance careful harvesting practices prevent from falling ground, followed by sanitation limit later crop.